過去形
be動詞の過去形
要点was / were
文法の意味
was / were は、be動詞の過去形で「〜でした」「〜にいました」を表す
am / is → was、are → were に変わります。There was / There were で過去の存在も表せます。
使い分け
人やものの状態・場所を、過去に移して話せる
am / is / are を was / were に変えると、今の状態ではなく、過去のある時点でどうだったかを伝えられます。
I am tired now.（今は疲れています）
過去の状態I was tired yesterday.（昨日は疲れていました）
過去の場所They were at school then.（そのとき学校にいました）
過去の存在There was a park here.（ここには公園がありました）
文法の形
肯定・否定・疑問の3つの形があります。
I was tired.
I wasn't hungry.
Were you at school?
文法のルール
I / he / she / it / 単数名詞は was、you / we / they / 複数名詞は were。
I were tired.
I was tired.
普通の過去の文では、I / he / she / it / 単数名詞には was、you / we / they / 複数名詞には were を使います。If I were ... は仮定法です。
「〜した」という動作は一般動詞の過去形だけで表す。was を足さない。
I was go to the park.
I went to the park.
「〜に行った」のように動作を表すときは、was / were を足さず、一般動詞の過去形 went だけを使います。
否定は was / were の直後に not を置く。
She not was busy.
She was not busy. / She wasn't busy.
否定文では was / were の直後に not を置きます。not を主語の前に置く形は使えません。
There was / There were は後ろの名詞の数で使い分ける。
There was many people at the park.
There were many people at the park.
There was / There were は後ろの名詞の数で使い分けます。many people のような複数名詞には were を使います。