although / though / even though は逆接の強さで選ぶ

要点

使い分け

although / though / even though の使い分け

標準的なら although、カジュアルなら though、強調なら even though。

although

標準的 — Although it was cold, we went outside.

though

ややカジュアル・文末でも使える — Though he was tired, he kept working.

even though

予想とのギャップを強調 — Even though it was raining, he went jogging.

although と despite / in spite of の違い

後ろに文が続くか、名詞が続くかで使い分けます。

although / though

接続詞・後ろは文 — although it was raining

despite / in spite of

前置詞・後ろは名詞 / 動名詞 — despite the rain

文頭に置くときはカンマを入れます。

文頭

Although / Though / Even though + 主語 + 動詞, メインの文

Although it was cold, we went outside.

文末

メインの文 + although / though / even though + 主語 + 動詞

We went outside although it was cold.

although と but を同じ文で重ねない。

Although he was tired, but he kept working.

Although he was tired, he kept working.

although で文をつないでいるので、同じつなぎ目に but は置きません。although か but のどちらか一方を使います。

逆接を強めたいときは even though を使う。very は付けない。

Very although it was cold, we went outside.

Even though it was cold, we went outside.

although を強めたいときは very ではなく even though を使います。very は形容詞・副詞を強める語で、接続詞には付きません。

although の後ろは文にする。名詞だけなら despite を使う。

Although the rain, he went jogging.

Although it was raining, he went jogging. / Despite the rain, he went jogging.

although の後ろには逆接を表す文を続けます。名詞だけを置きたいときは前置詞句の despite / in spite of を使います。

although は接続詞。文頭で独立させたいときは however を使う。

I was tired. Although, I kept working.

I was tired. However, I kept working. / Although I was tired, I kept working.

although は接続詞なので、文と文を「. Although,」でつなぐことはできません。文の頭で逆接を切り出すには however を使います。